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Trifolium repens L.

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HIGHER TAXON: Trifolieae

GENUS: Trifolium L.

Trifolium repens L. [Preferred name]

  
VERNACULAR NAME:
  Ag Yoncha [2985]; Ak Dushpes-Mede [2985]; Amoriya Polzuchaya [2985]; Baltais Abolins [2985]; Baltais Dobilas [2985]; Carreton [1292]; Dutch Clover [1056, 1847, 1850, 1862, 1945, 3143, 3157]; Edzhyg Bobyo Nan [2985]; Ereknuk Sokhaunkh [2985]; Klever Belyi [2985]; Klever Polzuchi [2985]; Konyushina Povzucha [2985]; Ladino Clover [1902, 3157]; Melkhes Khoshoongor [2985]; Tetri Samkuri [2985]; Trebol [1661]; Trebol Amargo [1140]; Trebol Blanco [1140, 1292]; Trebol Rastrero [1140]; Trifoi Alb [2985]; Valge Ristik [2985]; White Clover [261, 566, 1056, 1243, 1645, 1847, 1850, 1862, 1902, 1917, 1945, 2153, 3157]

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:
  Africa
Algeria (N) [566]; Egypt (N) [566]; Ethiopia (I) [24]; Kenya (I) [210]; Morocco (N) [454]; South Africa (I) [279]; Tanzania (I) [210]; Tunisia (N) [454]
  Asia
Afghanistan (N) [1872]; Armenia (N) [2985]; Azerbaijan (N) [2985]; Nakhichevan [2985]; Bhutan (I) [1947]; China (I) [1179, 3443]; Gruzia (N) [2985]; Abkhazia [2985]; Adzharia [2985]; India (I) [1862, 1914, 1947, 3017, 3028, 3041, 3119, 3140, 3144, 3366, 3373, 3595]; Arunachal Pradesh [3366]; Gujarat [3017]; Haryana [3373]; Himachal Pradesh [3140]; Jammu-Kashmir [3041]; Rajasthan [3028]; Sikkim [1947]; Tamil Nadu [3595]; Uttar Pradesh [3144]; West Bengal [3119]; Indonesia (I) [1969, 3898]; Iran (N) [1861]; Iraq (N) [1862]; Japan (I) [1930]; Jawa (N) [3898]; Kazakhstan (N) [2985]; Alma-Ata [2985]; Chimkent [2985]; Dzhambul [2985]; Dzhezkazgan [2985]; Guryev [2985]; Karaganda [2985]; Kokchetav [2985]; Kustanai [2985]; Kzyl-Orda [2985]; Mangyshlak [2985]; Pavlodar [2985]; Semipalatinsk [2985]; Severo-Kazakhstanskaya [2985]; Taldy-Kurgan [2985]; Tselinograd [2985]; Uralsk [2985]; Vostochno-Kazakhstanskaya [2985]; Kirgizstan (N) [2985]; Frunze [2985]; Issyk-Kul [2985]; Osh [2985]; Mongolia (N) [2015, 2985]; Selenge [2985]; Tuv [2985]; Nepal (N) [1914, 2898, 3369]; Pakistan (N) [1862, 1938]; Philippines (I) [1862]; Russia in Asia (N) [2985]; Altay* [2985]; Amur [2985]; Buryatiya [2985]; Checheno-Ingushetia [2985]; Chelyabinsk [2985]; Chita* [2985]; Chukot [2985]; Dagestan [2985]; Evenki [2985]; Gorno-Altaisk [2985]; Irkutsk* [2985]; Jewish [2985]; Kabardino-Balkaria [2985]; Kamchatka* [2985]; Karacheyevo-Cherkessia [2985]; Kemerovo [2985]; Khabarovsk* [2985]; Khakassia [2985]; Khanty-Mansijsk [2985]; Koryak [2985]; Krasnodar [2985]; Krasnoyarsk* [2985]; Kurgan [2985]; Kuril Is [2985]; Magadan* [2985]; Novosibirsk [2985]; Omsk [2985]; Primorye [2985]; Sakhalin [2985]; Severo-Osetia [2985]; Stavropol [2985]; Sverdlovsk [2985]; Tajmyr [2985]; Tomsk [2985]; Tuva [2985]; Tyumen [2985]; Ust-Ordynski [2985]; Yakutiya [2985]; Yamalo-Nenets [2985]; Sri Lanka (I) [1587]; Tadzhikistan (N) [2985]; Dushanbe [2985]; Gorno-Badakshan [2985]; Kulyab [2985]; Kurgan-Tyube [2985]; Leninabad [2985]; Taiwan (I) [1929]; Turkmenistan (N) [2985]; Ashkhabad [2985]; Chardzhou [2985]; Krasnovodsk [2985]; Mary [2985]; Uzbekistan (N) [2985]; Fergana [2985]; Kashkadarinskaya [2985]; Samarkand [2985]; Surhandarinskaya [2985]; Tashkent [2985]
  Australasia
Australia (I) [1880, 1918]; Papua New Guinea (I) [261]; Tasmania (I) [2417, 2419]
  Caribbean
Bahamas (I) [2153]; Cuba (I) [1056, 2157]; Dominican Republic (I) [1056]; Haiti (I) [1056, 2157]; Jamaica (I) [1056, 2157]
  Central America
Costa Rica (I) [1645, 1658]; Guatemala (I) [1645]; Mexico(North & Central) (I) [1460, 1714]; Mexico(South East) (I) [1117]; Panama (I) [1224, 1243]
  Europe
Albania (N) [754]; Austria (N) [754]; Azores (N) [754]; Balearic Is (N) [754]; Belarus (N) [2985]; Brest [2985]; Gomel [2985]; Grodno [2985]; Minsk [2985]; Mogilev [2985]; Vitebsk [2985]; Belgium (N) [754]; Bulgaria (N) [754]; Corsica (N) [754]; Czechoslovakia (N) [754]; Denmark (N) [754]; Estonia (N) [2985]; Finland (N) [754]; Foroyar (N) [754]; France (N) [754]; Germany (N) [754]; Great Britain (N) [754]; Greece (N) [754]; Hungary (N) [754]; Iceland (N) [754]; Ireland (N) [754]; Italy (N) [754]; Kriti (N) [754]; Latvia (N) [2985]; Lithuania (N) [2985]; Malta (N) [454]; Moldova (N) [2985]; Netherlands (N) [754]; Norway (N) [754]; Poland (N) [754]; Portugal (N) [754]; Romania (N) [754]; Russia in Europe (N) [2985]; Arkhangelsk [2985]; Astrakhan [2985]; Bashkiria [2985]; Belgorod [2985]; Bryansk [2985]; Chuvashia [2985]; Gorki [2985]; Ivanovo [2985]; Kalinin [2985]; Kaliningrad [2985]; Kalmykia [2985]; Kaluga [2985]; Karelia [2985]; Kirov [2985]; Komi [2985]; Kostroma [2985]; Kuibyshev [2985]; Kursk [2985]; Leningrad [2985]; Lipetsk [2985]; Mari [2985]; Mordovia [2985]; Moscow [2985]; Murmansk [2985]; Nenets [2985]; Novgorod [2985]; Orel [2985]; Orenburg [2985]; Penza [2985]; Perm [2985]; Pskov [2985]; Rostov-Don [2985]; Ryazan [2985]; Saratov [2985]; Smolensk [2985]; Tambov [2985]; Tataria [2985]; Tula [2985]; Udmurtia [2985]; Ulyanovsk [2985]; Vladimir [2985]; Volgograd [2985]; Vologda [2985]; Voronezh [2985]; Yaroslavl [2985]; Sardegna (N) [754]; Sicilia (N) [454]; Spain (N) [754]; Sweden (N) [754]; Switzerland (N) [754]; Turkey in Europe (N) [754]; Ukraine (N) [2985]; Cherkassy [2985]; Chernigov [2985]; Chernovtsy [2985]; Dnepropetrovsk [2985]; Donetsk [2985]; Ivano-Frankovsk [2985]; Kharkov [2985]; Kherson [2985]; Khmelnitski [2985]; Kiev [2985]; Kirovograd [2985]; Krym [2985]; Lvov [2985]; Nikolaev [2985]; Odessa [2985]; Poltava [2985]; Rovno [2985]; Sumy [2985]; Ternopol [2985]; Vinnitsa [2985]; Volynia [2985]; Voroshilovgrad [2985]; Zakarpatskaya [2985]; Zaporozhye [2985]; Zhitomir [2985]; Yugoslavia (N) [754]
  Indian Ocean
Reunion (I) [1915]
  Middle East
Cyprus (N) [454]; East Aegean Is(Greek) (N) [454]; Israel-Jordan (N) [454]; Lebanon (N) [1862]; Syria (N) [1862]; Turkey in Asia (N) [454]
  North America
Alaska-Aleutian Is (I) [1115, 1431, 1673]; Canada (I) [1115]; United States (I) [1325, 1431, 1460, 1645, 1673, 1680, 3157]; Alabama [3157]; Arizona [3157]; Arkansas [3157]; California [3157]; Colorado [3157]; Connecticut [3157]; Delaware [3157]; District Of Columbia [3157]; Florida [3157]; Georgia [3157]; Idaho [3157]; Illinois [3157]; Indiana [3157]; Iowa [3157]; Kansas [3157]; Kentucky [3157]; Louisiana [3157]; Maine [3157]; Maryland [3157]; Massachusetts [3157]; Michigan [3157]; Minnesota [3157]; Mississippi [3157]; Missouri [3157]; Montana [3157]; Nebraska [3157]; Nevada [3157]; New Hampshire [3157]; New Jersey [3157]; New Mexico [3157]; New York [3157]; North Carolina [3157]; North Dakota [3157]; Ohio [3157]; Oklahoma [3157]; Oregon [3157]; Pennsylvania [3157]; Rhode Island [3157]; South Carolina [3157]; South Dakota [3157]; Tennessee [3157]; Texas [3157]; Utah [3157]; Vermont [3157]; Virginia [3157]; Washington [3157]; West Virginia [3157]; Wisconsin [3157]; Wyoming [3157]
  Pacific Ocean
Antipodean Is (I) [2080]; Chatham Is (I) [2080]; Hawaii (I) [1949]; Kermadec Is (I) [2080]; New Zealand(North) (I) [2080]; New Zealand(South) (I) [2080]
  South America
Argentina (I) [1140, 1226]; Chile (I) [1444]; Colombia (I) [1292]; Peru (I) [1442]; Venezuela (I) [1661]

  
HABITATS:
  Africa
    Mediterranean grasslands. [360];

LITERATURE POINTERS:
  Description [261, 360, 566, 754, 1243, 1587, 1645, 1847, 1850, 1861, 1862, 1915, 1917, 1921, 1929, 1938, 1947, 2080, 2153, 2157, 3348, 3443] ; Illustration [261, 566, 1140, 1847, 1861, 1917, 1921, 1929, 2086, 2153, 3593]

DESCRIPTORS:
  Climbing: Not climbing [261] ; Conservation Status: Not Threatened ; Further editing: 2004-2005 Novoselova MS, 2005-07 (Americas update) Sokolova IV [3348] ; Habit: Herb [261] [1915] ; Lifespan: Perennial [261] [1915] ; Scrutinised globally by taxonomic co-ordinator: 1991/1993 Heyn CC & Heller D, 2005-06 Roskov YR ; Source(s): 1988 (Africa) Lock JM, 1988 (Americas) Zarucchi JL, 1988 (Europe) ESFEDS, 1990 (New Zealand & Pacific) Horn P, 1991 (W Asia) Lock JM & Simpson K, 1993 (Indian Ocean) Lock JM & Ireland H, 1993 Adams BR, 1993 Polhill RM, 1993 Zarucc

  
USES:
  Chemical products [3030]; Domestic [2985]; Environmental [2985]; Food and Drink [2985]; Forage [261, 566, 1862, 1915, 1919, 1938, 2080, 2985, 3157, 3593]; Medicine [1862, 2985, 3034]; Toxins [1919]; Weed [2015, 2080, 2985, 3373]

  
NOTES:
  Cultivated & introduced all over the world for pasture, fodder & hay [566]
  Found only once on Reunion in 1944; no recent records. [1915]
  Highly variable. [2985]
  Native to Europe and northern Asia, extensively cultivated for fodder. [261]

  
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